Autism and ADHD often have deficits in multiple areas of EF
Executive functioning (EF) is an umbrella term for a number of neurological processes that allow us to engage in goal-directed behaviour. Students with neurodevelopmental disabilities such as Autism and ADHD often have deficits in multiple areas of EF. Unfortunately, executive dysfunction challenges are often misperceived as bad behaviour, attention-seeking, laziness, irresponsibility, or lack of effort. By recognizing problems caused by weak EF, educators can better understand and support their students. This handout defines several important areas of EF and provides examples of common problems and supports. These examples are not exhaustive - each EF deficit can show up in many ways, and different students may benefit from different accommodations and strategies. Be creative and work closely with your students to find solutions that work for them.