In autism education, sensory sensitivities are often linked to hypersensitivity—and for good reason. Many autistic students have strong reactions to sights, sounds, textures, or other sensory input. But it’s just as important to recognize that some students experience the opposite: hyposensitivity, which means they are less responsive to sensory input.
To support students well, teachers need to understand the full sensory spectrum. When autistic students experience hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity, their reactions can sometimes be mistaken for challenging behaviour. That’s why it’s so important for teachers to recognize these sensory responses and adjust their approach to better meet each student’s needs.
Whether you're exploring ABA training for teachers, autism training for mental health professionals, or looking for strategies to create your own inclusive classroom, the following sensory-based supports can help meet diverse student needs.
Recognizing Hypersensitivity in Students
Students with sensory hypersensitivity may find classroom environments overwhelming or even distressing. These students might:
- Be frightened by sudden or unpredictable sounds
- Be sensitive to light
- Avoid certain textures or fabrics in clothing
- Show aversion to particular smells or tastes
- Exhibit fear of heights
- Avoid activities involving balance
- Be easily startled or withdrawn
6 Classroom Strategies for Hypersensitivity in Students
The following inclusive teaching strategies can help reduce overstimulation and improve learning outcomes:
- Create a visually organized space: Limit clutter and visual distractions to help with focus.
- Provide a quiet area: Use a bean bag chair, canopy, or privacy partition to create a sensory retreat.
- Use noise-cancelling headphones or earplugs: These help block out distracting or distressing sounds.
- Simplify printed materials: A clean, minimalist design reduces visual overload.
- Respect personal space: Avoid unnecessary physical prompting or hands-on assistance.
- Reduce environmental stimuli:
- Use natural lighting or dim overhead lights
- Cover chair legs with tennis balls to reduce noise
- Maintain a scent-free classroom when possible
Recognizing Hyposensitivity in Students
Students with sensory hyposensitivity often seek out intense stimulation to stay focused or calm. These students may:
- Crave loud music or sounds
- Seem unaffected by temperature or pain
- Frequently chew, mouth, or smell objects
- Lack a startle response
- Appear disengaged from their surroundings
- Seek out jumping, spinning, or other high-energy movements
- Respond slowly to cues or questions
7 Classroom Strategies for Hyposensitivity in Students
The following inclusive teaching strategies are ideal for students needing more sensory input:
- Incorporate visually stimulating activities: Schedule time for vibrant, engaging visuals.
- Create tactile bins or booklets: Use materials like dry rice, beans, sand, or textured fabrics.
- Permit music during certain activities: Music can help students stay regulated and focused.
- Introduce smell jars: Fill small jars with strong scents such as cinnamon, peppermint, or vanilla.
- Offer chewable tools: Chewelry or chewable pencil toppers can support self-regulation.
- Include movement breaks: Allow time for jumping, stretching, or using gross motor equipment.
- Consult with an occupational therapist: They may recommend pressure-based tools like weighted blankets or compression vests.
Final Thoughts
Remember, every student with autism is unique. What works well for one learner might not work for another, so it’s important to tailor your inclusive teaching strategies to fit each student’s individual sensory and learning needs.
By embracing neurodiversity in education and using evidence-based supports, we can create an environment where every student has the chance to thrive.