Reading Comprehension & Autism

By: Cassie Steepe, Sonderly Trainer


//www.sonderly.io/_im/post/s22446/sgfi22496/0/0/reading-and-autism--500-x-500-px-.png

Autistic children often have challenges with pragmatic language—that’s the use of language in context, like understanding implied meaning, social clues, and speaker intentions.  

The same brain network that supports pragmatic language also contributes to reading comprehension.  

In autistic children, this “pragmatic language network” tends to be more strongly or widely activated when doing reading tasks, suggesting they may rely on different or additional brain processes to understand text.  

  

Reading comprehension isn’t just “Decoding Words” 

Understanding meaning in reading is not just about recognizing words—it involves integrating linguistic meaning with context and pragmatic understanding.  

 

Practical Tips for Educators: 

1. Teach Comprehension Beyond Word Recognition 

Recognize that children may read words accurately but still struggle to make sense of the text’s deeper meaning. 

Focus instruction on meaning-making, not just word decoding.  

 

 2. Support Contextual Understanding 

Ask why something happened in a story, not just what. 

Use questions that draw attention to characters’ intentions, emotions, and social cues.  

 

3. Build Pragmatic Language Skills 

Embed activities that strengthen social use of language in reading lessons: 

Role‑play dialogues from stories 

Discuss implied meanings in familiar texts 

Practice identifying motivations and perspectives of character-these all support neural systems that help with reading meaning.  

 

 4. Support Theory of Mind 

Use structured activities that help children infer others’ thoughts (e.g., “Why do you think that character did that?”). 

Some autistic readers may take longer to integrate context and social meaning, especially in ambiguous or figurative language, consider giving extra time, visual supports, or guided discussions about meaning.  

  

Download the tool below for your practical tips.

 

Reference:  

Valles-Capetillo, E., Kurtz, M. R., & Kana, R. K. (2025). The Role of the Brain's Pragmatic Language Network in Reading Comprehension in Autistic Children. Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 18(8), 1550–1562. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70076 

 


In Partnership With

/site_files/content/images/government-of-ontario.png